A
Ambient Light Immunity:
Light curtains are not affected by surrounding light. They work in bright environments and sunlight. This ensures accurate object detection and reliable safety. Regardless of the lighting, the light curtain functions without interference. It provides consistent and reliable performance in various settings.
It detects objects and prevents false alarms. Ambient light immunity keeps people and equipment safe. It doesn’t matter how much light is present. The light curtain remains effective. It doesn’t get affected by surrounding light. It works reliably to maintain safety.
Area Beam Indicator (ABI):
The Area Beam Indicator, commonly known as ABI, is a visual display feature found in certain light curtains. It’s like a special indicator. The ABI uses a series of illuminated indicators to show the presence or absence of beams across the entire sensing field. Each indicator corresponds to a specific beam, providing a visual representation of the coverage.
When an object blocks a beam, the corresponding indicator will turn off, indicating the interrupted area. The ABI helps identify obstructed beams, aiding troubleshooting, alignment, and ensuring proper light curtains. It functions for effective object detection and safety assurance.
Auxiliary Output:
An auxiliary output is an additional output signal provided by a device or system, apart from its primary output. It’s like an extra connection. The auxiliary output can be used to activate or control other devices or functions that are not related to the main operation.
It provides flexibility and expanded functionality to the device or system. For example, a safety light curtain may have an auxiliary output to trigger an alarm or signal a separate monitoring system. The auxiliary output allows for integration with other equipment or processes. It enhances the overall capabilities and adaptability of the device or system.
B
Beam Gap:
The beam gap refers to the distance between adjacent beams emitted by a light curtain. It’s like the space between the light beams. The beam gap determines the resolution and sensitivity of the light curtain in detecting objects. A smaller beam gap means the beams are closer together, offering higher precision in object detection, especially for smaller objects.
A larger beam gap means the beams are farther apart, providing a wider coverage area but with reduced sensitivity to smaller objects. The choice of beam gap depends on the specific application requirements and the size of objects to be detected within the protected area.
Blanking:
Blanking is a function of a light curtain that allows specific areas of the sensing field to be temporarily deactivated or ignored. It’s like creating a “no-detection zone”. This can be done to enable the safe passage of certain objects or materials without triggering an alarm or stopping the machinery.
By setting up blanking, the light curtain can be customized to accommodate the specific requirements of the application. It enhances flexibility and productivity while maintaining overall safety. Blanking can be either fixed, with a permanent blanking zone, or floating. Where the blanking zone is activated based on specific conditions.
C
Cascade Connection:
Cascade connection refers to linking multiple light curtains together in a series to provide extended protection across a larger area or many access points. It’s like connecting them in a chain. By cascading the light curtains, they work together to create a continuous safety barrier. If an object interrupts any of the light curtains in the cascade, the entire chain detects it.
Cascade connection expands the coverage range without compromising safety. It ensures that the entire area is protected, even if there are multiple openings or larger workspaces. A cascade connection is an effective way to extend the reach of light curtains and maintain safety in diverse environments.
Control Reliable:
Control reliability means ensuring control outputs function as intended, maintaining safety even in the event of a failure. It involves backup plans where a system detects faults or failures and takes action to prevent unsafe conditions. Such as shutting down machinery or activating emergency stop mechanisms.
This redundancy in the system helps ensure that even if one component fails, there is a backup to maintain control and safety. Control reliability is vital to cut the risk of accidents and protect workers and equipment in hazardous environments.
D
Degree of Protection (IP Rating):
The degree of protection, also known as the IP rating, indicates the level of protection provided by an enclosure against the intrusion of solids and liquids. It’s like a shield rating. The IP rating consists of two digits. The first digit ranges from 0 to 6 and represents the protection against solids, such as dust or debris.
The second digit ranges from 0 to 8 and represents the protection against liquids, like water or oil. The higher the digits, the greater the protection. For example, an IP67 rating offers high protection against both solids and liquids. IP rating helps determine the suitability of an enclosure for different environments, ensuring equipment remains safe from external elements.
Designated Beam Output:
Designated beam output refers to a specific output signal from a light curtain that corresponds to a particular beam within its sensing field. It’s like a dedicated signal for a specific beam. Each beam in the light curtain has its own designated output, allowing for individualized monitoring and control.
Designated beam outputs in a light curtain provide detailed information on specific beam status and object detection. This feature allows precise identification of object location and presence. Enhancing the effectiveness and accuracy of the light curtain’s detection capabilities.
Detection Capability:
Detection capability refers to the ability of a light curtain to detect objects or obstructions within its sensing field. It’s like having sharp eyes. A light curtain with high detection capability can reliably identify even small objects passing through its beams.
This ensures that potential hazards are detected and appropriate safety measures are activated.
The detection capability of a light curtain depends on factors like its resolution, sensitivity, and range. A light curtain with a strong detection capability provides robust protection by promptly sensing objects and triggering necessary actions to maintain a safe working environment.
Diagnostic Output:
The diagnostic output provides information about a device’s internal status and potential faults, aiding in troubleshooting and maintenance. It includes error codes, warnings, or indicators that reveal operational conditions. Analyzing diagnostic output enables proactive maintenance and ensures device reliability and efficiency.
E
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC):
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) ensures devices work well together without interference. It involves meeting standards for emissions and susceptibility. EMC allows devices to operate reliably, avoiding disruptions or causing interference with nearby devices.
Emitter:
An emitter is a component of a device that emits or releases something, such as light, sound, or signals. It’s like a source. In the context of light curtains, an emitter refers to the part that emits the light beams used for object detection. It produces and directs the light beams toward the receiver.
The emitter generates light for effective light curtain operation, covering the sensing field and detecting objects.
External Device Monitoring (EDM):
External Device Monitoring is a safety feature that involves monitoring the status of external devices. Such as switches or contactors, to ensure they are functioning. It not compromising the safety of the light curtain system.
It’s like keeping an eye on the helpers. The EDM checks the connected external devices to detect any faults or failures that could affect the overall safety of the system. By monitoring these devices, the light curtain system can provide an additional layer of safety assurance. Ensuring that all components are working as intended to maintain a safe working environment.
External Test:
An external test is conducted by an independent entity to evaluate the device or system’s performance, functionality, or safety. It ensures unbiased evaluation and compliance with standards and regulations, validating its quality and reliability.
I
Infrared Light Beams:
Infrared light beams are a type of light that cannot be seen by the human eye. It’s like invisible light. Infrared light has a longer wavelength than visible light and is commonly used in light curtains for object detection. The light curtain emits these infrared beams in a controlled manner.
When an object passes through the beams, it interrupts the path, causing the light curtain to detect the presence of the object. Infrared light beams allow for reliable and accurate object detection, even in challenging lighting conditions. It provides an effective means of safeguarding the working environment and preventing potential hazards.
Interlock:
An interlock is a safety mechanism that ensures the proper sequence or condition of operations in a system or equipment. It’s like a safety lock. Interlocks prevent unsafe conditions by allowing certain actions or operations only when specific conditions are met. They typically involve physical or electrical connections that must be engaged or disengaged to enable or disable certain functions.
Interlocks help in maintaining the safety of operators, preventing accidents, and protecting equipment. They ensure that operations follow predefined sequences or that certain conditions are met before allowing further actions, promoting the safe and reliable operation of the system or equipment.
I
Input Sensor
Input sensor refers to the device used by temperature controllers to measure the system’s temperature. Input sensors can be classified into various types, such as thermocouples, RTDs, or thermistors, depending on the specific application requirements.
Input sensors provide an accurate and reliable signal to the temperature controller, which is used to adjust the output signal and maintain the desired temperature. The selection of the input sensor depends on various factors, such as the temperature range, accuracy, and response time, and can significantly affect the system’s performance.
Insulation Resistance
Insulation resistance refers to the ability of the temperature controller to withstand electrical noise and maintain the signal’s integrity. Insulation resistance is an important consideration when selecting a temperature controller, as electrical noise can affect the accuracy and stability of the control signal.
The insulation resistance is measured in ohms and indicates the resistance of the temperature controller’s insulation to electrical noise. A higher insulation resistance provides better protection against electrical noise but may also increase the cost and complexity of the system.
Integral Time (I)
Integral time (I) is a parameter used in the PID control algorithm to improve the control system’s stability and performance. The integral term adjusts the output based on the accumulated error over time, which helps to reduce steady-state errors and improve system stability. The integral time determines how quickly the controller adjusts the output based on the accumulated error signal. A higher integral time provides a smoother response but may also result in a slower system response.
A lower integral time provides a faster response but can also increase system noise and instability. The optimal integral time depends on the specific application requirements and can be adjusted to achieve the desired balance between stability and performance.
L
Lockout Reset:
Lockout reset is a procedure that must be followed to reactivate a system or equipment after it has been locked out for safety purposes. It’s like unlocking and restarting. When a lockout is applied, it ensures that the system or equipment remains in a safe state and cannot be unintentionally started or operated.
To reset the lockout, specific steps or actions must be taken to verify that it is safe to resume normal operation. This may involve inspections, testing, or obtaining authorization from designated personnel. Lockout reset ensures that safety measures are properly followed and that the system or equipment can safely resume its intended functions.
M
Maximum Operating Range:
The maximum operating range refers to the farthest distance at which a device or system can effectively operate. It’s like the outer limit of its functionality. This range specifies the maximum distance from which the device or system can detect objects or perform its intended functions accurately and reliably.
Operating beyond this range may result in decreased performance, reduced accuracy, or even failure to detect objects. Knowing the maximum operating range is important for positioning the device or system. It ensures that it operates within its optimal performance parameters, delivering reliable results and maintaining safety.
Muting:
Muting is a safety function used in conjunction with a light curtain to temporarily disable or suppress its alarm or stop signals. It’s like temporarily silencing the light curtain. Muting is used when objects or materials need to pass through a protected area without setting off alarms or halting machinery. It optimizes productivity by avoiding unnecessary interruptions. While ensuring the ongoing protection of personnel and equipment.
N
Number of Beams:
The number of beams refers to the number of individual light beams emitted by a light curtain. It’s like counting the number of lines. The more beams there are, the greater the coverage and resolution of the light curtain. A higher number of beams allows for more precise object detection, especially for smaller objects.
Having a greater number of beams also helps in reducing the risk of object interference or gaps in the sensing field. The appropriate number of beams depends on the specific application requirements. It considers factors such as the size of objects to be detected and the level of accuracy needed for effective safety monitoring.
O
Object Detection:
Object detection refers to the ability of a device or system to identify and recognize the presence of objects within its sensing field. It’s like spotting or identifying something. When an object enters the detection range, sensors or technologies within the device or system. It detects the presence and generates a response or signal.
Operating Range Selection:
Operating range selection is the process of choosing the right distance for effective device or system operation. It determines the max and min range for accurate performance.
The optimal operating range ensures accurate detection and reliable task performance. Factors like working area size, object nature, and technical specifications are considered for optimal functionality.
Operating Temperature:
Operating temperature refers to the safe and effective temperature range for a device or system operation. It has minimum and maximum limits.
Operating outside this range can cause malfunctions or damage. Match the operating temperature with environmental conditions for optimal functionality and prevent overheating or freezing.
P
Performance Level (PL):
Performance Level, abbreviated as PL, is a measure that indicates the level of safety and reliability of a safety-related control system. It’s like a safety rating. The PL is determined by evaluating the system’s ability to mitigate or prevent hazards and its resistance to failures. It is classified on a scale from A to E, with PL A being the lowest and PL E being the highest.
A higher PL signifies a system with greater safety performance. The PL is determined through a thorough analysis of factors like architecture, redundancy, and diagnostics. And other safety-related aspects to ensure that the control system meets the required safety standards.
PNP/NPN Selection:
PNP and NPN refer to two common types of output configurations for sensors or devices. PNP stands for Positive-Negative-Positive, while NPN stands for Negative-Positive-Negative. It’s like different wiring options. When selecting between PNP and NPN, refers to choosing the appropriate output configuration to match the input requirements of the connected device or system.
PNP and NPN outputs differ in terms of voltage levels and the way they switch signals. The selection depends on the compatibility with the input requirements of the receiving device or system. It ensures proper signal transmission and seamless integration between the sensor or device.
Pre-Reset:
Pre-reset refers to a preparatory step taken before resetting a device or system to its initial state or normal operation. It’s like a preliminary action.
This may include inspections, checks, or preparations to ensure the system is ready for the reset and there are no remaining hazards or issues. Pre-reset steps are essential to ensure a safe and smooth transition back to normal operation. It prevents any unintended consequences or risks associated with the reset process.
Protective Height:
Protective height refers to the vertical distance covered by a safety light curtain or other protective device. It’s like the height it can safeguard. The protective height covers the area to detect and prevent hazards or unauthorized access.
It is determined based on application requirements and desired protection level. Adequate coverage ensures safety by detecting and responding to intrusions or breaches within the specified height range.
R
Receiver:
In the context of a safety light curtain, the receiver is a component that detects the light beams emitted by the transmitter. It’s like the “catcher” of the light signals.
The receiver detects object presence by receiving and analyzing the light beams.
When an object blocks the beams, it sends a signal to the control system, indicating the object’s presence. The receiver’s performance and sensitivity are vital for accurate and reliable object detection, ensuring effective monitoring and protection of the area.
Reduced Resolution:
Reduced resolution refers to a decrease in the level of detail or precision in the detection capabilities of a device or system. It’s like a lower level of clarity. When the resolution is reduced, the device or system may have a larger gap between the detection points or a lower sensitivity to smaller objects.
This reduction in resolution can occur due to various factors, such as a wider beam gap or a decreased number of beams. While it may result in a broader coverage area, it may also lead to a reduced ability to detect smaller or closely spaced objects. The choice of resolution depends on the specific requirements of the application and the desired balance between coverage and detection precision.
Redundancy:
Redundancy refers to the inclusion of backup or duplicate components or systems within a device or system. It’s like having a spare or backup plan. The purpose of redundancy is to enhance reliability and minimize the risk of failure. By having redundant components or systems, if one fails, the backup can take over and maintain the operation.
Redundancy can be achieved through various means, such as duplicate sensors, redundant power supplies, or backup control systems.
Response Time Adjustment:
Adjust response time for customization. Optimize performance and meet requirements. Speed up or slow down response. Adapt to different conditions or velocities. Fine-tune behavior for efficiency and safety.
Restart Interlock:
Restart interlock prevents automatic device restart. Conditions or actions must be met to restart. It may involve manual intervention. It adds protection for operators and equipment. Minimizes risk during restart.
S
Safety Category:
Safety category groups systems based on risk reduction and performance. It considers hazard severity and likelihood. Each category has specific requirements.
It helps select appropriate safety measures. It ensures compliance and protects personnel and equipment.
Safety Circuit:
A safety circuit is a dedicated electrical circuit designed to ensure the safe operation of a device or system. It’s like a special wiring setup. The safety circuit includes components such as safety sensors, switches, relays, and other safety-related devices.
The purpose of the safety circuit is to detect potential hazards and initiate safety measures. The circuit is designed with specific safety standards and requirements. To ensure reliable operation and compliance with safety regulations. It Enhances overall safety and protection within the device or system.
Safety Controller:
A safety controller monitors and controls safety functions in a machine or system. It receives input from safety devices, detects hazards, and triggers safety responses.
It meets safety standards and ensures fail-safe operation. It safeguards personnel and maintains a safe working environment.
Safety Integrity Level (SIL):
SIL measures reliability and performance for risk reduction. It quantifies safety levels on a scale of 1 to 4.
SIL considers hazards, exposure, and system effectiveness. Appropriate SIL ensures safety standards and risk reduction.
Safety Output Indicators:
Safety output indicators show the status of safety outputs. They inform about activation or deactivation. They use lights, alarms, or signals. Indicators maintain awareness of the safety system. They ensure appropriate actions and situational awareness.
Safety Relay:
A safety relay is an electrical device used to control and monitor safety functions in a machine or system. It’s like a safety switchboard. The safety relay acts as an intermediary between the safety devices and the machine’s control system.
It receives signals from safety sensors or switches and, based on predefined logic, determines whether to allow or interrupt the machine’s operation.
Safety Standards:
Safety standards ensure safety and reliability. ISO 13849 focuses on control systems. IEC 61496 is for safety light curtains. Adhering to standards meets legal requirements and mitigates risks. Standards enhance safety with best practices and guidelines.
Safety-rated Outputs:
Safety-rated outputs are dedicated electrical signals in a device or system used for safety-related functions.
These outputs control safety components like emergency stops or interlocks. They are designed with features like redundancy and self-monitoring for reliable operation and compliance with safety standards.
Safety-rated outputs ensure that signals sent to safety devices trigger the necessary responses to protect personnel and equipment. They are essential for maintaining safety measures within a machine or system.
Self-Checking:
Self-checking verifies device or system functioning. It detects faults or errors. It has internal monitoring and testing. Anomalies trigger alarms or corrective actions. Self-checking enhances reliability and reduces failures.
Sensing Field:
The sensing field refers to the area or zone in which a sensor or detection device can detect objects or changes. It’s like the area where it can “see.” The sensing field is determined by the specifications and capabilities of the sensor and can vary in shape and size depending on the application.
When an object enters the sensing field, the sensor detects its presence or triggers a response. The sensing field is important in ensuring that the sensor covers the desired area for effective monitoring or detection. It allows for timely actions and maintains safety or operational requirements within the defined region.
Specification:
A detailed description of characteristics or requirements. Provides specific information about attributes or functionality. Establishes common understanding between stakeholders.
Enables consistent development or evaluation. Communicates dimensions, materials, or desired features.
W
Warning Zone:
A warning zone is a designated area near a hazardous or restricted zone where cautionary measures or alerts are in effect. It’s like a safety buffer. The purpose of a warning zone is to notify individuals that they are approaching a potentially dangerous or restricted area. And to encourage them to exercise caution or take appropriate safety precautions.
Warning signs, visual cues, or audible alarms are often used to mark the boundaries of the warning zone and communicate the potential risks involved.